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Image credits

The images of ATLAS: caption, author, license and source of each one, and the page that shows it.

The whole Earth as a blue and white globe against black space, with Africa and Antarctica visible. — The Blue Marble, photographed by the Apollo 17 crew in December 1972 (NASA). Harrison Schmitt / Apollo 17 · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Flat Earth

A circular map of the Earth centred on the North Pole, as the author imagined it. — Flat Earth map according to Samuel Rowbotham's Zetetic Astronomy, 1881; an illustration of the thesis. Samuel Rowbotham · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Disc, dome, infinite plane: the competing models

A square map of the world with angels at the four corners and Bible references around it. — "Map of the Square and Stationary Earth" drawn by Orlando Ferguson in 1893; an illustration of the thesis. Orlando Ferguson · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Disc, dome, infinite plane: the competing models

A man crawling under the edge of the sky, drawn as a solid hemisphere, to look at what lies beyond. — The Flammarion engraving, first published in Camille Flammarion's L'Atmosphère (1888) in a 16th-century style, often mistaken for a medieval image. AnonymousUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on From Rowbotham to the Flat Earth Society, and a myth about the Middle Ages

A sequence of photographs of a tanker at sea, in which the ship gradually rises over the horizon line. — A tanker rising over the horizon at the Strait of Magellan, Chile, in a sequence of photographs. Dropus · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The round Earth: what measurement and observation show

A series of Moon images in which a dark circular shadow slowly covers part of the lunar disc. — Composite of the partial lunar eclipse of 16 July 2019, showing the curved edge of the Earth's shadow on the Moon. H. Raab (User:Vesta) · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The round Earth: what measurement and observation show

A river seen from a road bridge, running between flat banks. — The Old Bedford River at Welney, looking upstream from the road bridge, site of the Bedford Level experiments. Bob Jones · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Putting it to the test: from the Bedford Level to Behind the Curve

A photograph taken over the water, in which a pale patch at the centre is the bridge, with small square dots for the white sheet and its reflection. — Photograph of the Bedford Level taken by Edgar Clifton on 11 May 1904 for Lady Blount's attempt to prove the Earth flat; refraction explains the result. Edgar Clifton (photographer) · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Putting it to the test: from the Bedford Level to Behind the Curve

A diagram of what Wallace saw through his level at the Bedford Level. — The view through the level used by Alfred Russel Wallace in the 1870 Bedford Level experiment. Chris55 · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Putting it to the test: from the Bedford Level to Behind the Curve

Engraving of a kneeling pilgrim who passes his head and shoulder through an opening in the starry sky and sees wheels, clouds and suns behind it. — The Flammarion engraving: a pilgrim pushes his head through the vault of the sky. First published in Camille Flammarion's L'atmosphère (Paris, 1888); often wrongly taken for a medieval woodcut. AnonymousUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Artificial celestial dome

Diagram of a round cosmos: the Earth under a dome labelled Raqia or Firmament, with waters above the dome, Sheol and the pillars of the Earth below, and the Great Deep around. — Modern diagram of the early Hebrew picture of the cosmos, with a firmament between the waters above and below. Readers of the dome thesis take this picture literally. Tom-L · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The Bible's firmament read as a real dome

Colour photograph taken from an aircraft showing a streaked orange glow in a red sky, with part of the aircraft at the bottom. — The Starfish Prime high-altitude nuclear test of 9 July 1962, photographed from an aircraft (U.S. Air Force). The flat-Earth claims described in this sheet say such tests tried to break the dome. U.S. Air Force 1352nd Photographic Group, Lookout Mountain Station · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Rockets and nukes against the dome (Fishbowl)

Black-and-white woodcut with a landscape and town at the bottom and horizontal bands of sky above holding the Moon, the Sun and stars, topped by angels. — The Sun, planets, angels and the firmament: woodcut dated 1475, a late-medieval picture of the sky. public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Old skies: from the raqia to the crystalline spheres

Medieval illumination of blue concentric bands set with stars and labelled planets above the Earth, with a bearded figure at the top. — Illustration of the celestial spheres from Nicole Oresme's Le livre du Ciel et du Monde (1377), a picture of the nested heavens that astronomers later gave up. Original art, Nicole Oresme (artist unknown); Scan, Bibliothèque National de France; Current file, SteveMcCluskey · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Old skies: from the raqia to the crystalline spheres

Photograph of the whole sunlit Earth showing Africa and Antarctica, with no dome or edge. — The Blue Marble: full view of the Earth photographed by the Apollo 17 crew on 7 December 1972, on the way to the Moon, from about 29,400 km. NASA/Apollo 17 crew; taken by either Harrison Schmitt or Ron Evans · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on What science and space agencies say about the sky

Black-and-white photograph of several slender rockets held upright by guy wires on a sandy island, under a cloudy sky. — Rockets carrying instruments for measurements during the Operation Fishbowl high-altitude nuclear tests, on Johnston Island before liftoff, mid-1962. United States Government Defense Nuclear Agency. · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on What Fishbowl actually was

Photograph of a bronze-coloured satellite model with four solar paddles and antennas against a dark background. — Scale model of Ariel 1, the United Kingdom's first satellite, one of the satellites disabled by the radiation belts created by Starfish Prime (London Science Museum). Stephencdickson · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on What Fishbowl actually was

Illuminated parchment map with the Atlantic Ocean, compass roses crossed by lines, ships and coastlines of Europe, Africa and the Americas. — Surviving fragment of the world map drawn by the Ottoman admiral Piri Reis in 1513, held at the Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul. Piri Reis · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Ancient maps show Antarctica without ice

Woodcut world map shaped like two joined hearts, with a large southern continent at the bottom. — Oronce Finé's 1531 world map in double heart-shaped (cordiform) projection, with the southern land Terra Australis at the bottom. Oronce Finé · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Finé's 1531 world map and the bare coast

Two outlines of a southern continent shown side by side, one from an old map and one from a modern map. — Illustration of the thesis: the southern land of the 1531 map next to a modern map of Antarctica, scaled and rotated by an amateur to make the shapes match. It is a comparison made by supporters, not proof. Portolanero · CC BY · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Finé's 1531 world map and the bare coast

Colored relief map of Antarctica without ice, with mountains and deep basins in different colors. — The topography of the bedrock under the Antarctic ice sheet, from the Bedmap2 data (NASA Scientific Visualization Studio, 2013); relief is exaggerated. NASA Goddard's Scientific Visualization Studio · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on What Antarctica is: ice, age and bedrock

Large 16th-century world map with a big landmass drawn around the south pole. — Gerardus Mercator's 1569 world map: like earlier maps, it draws a vast hypothetical southern continent that no one had visited. Gerardus Mercator · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The cartographers' reading: Columbus and Terra Australis

Illustration of Antarctica with a slab of ice floating above the continent, which shows blue rivers, lakes and the red-circled Lake Vostok. — An artist's representation of the aquatic system of lakes and rivers that scientists believe lies beneath the Antarctic ice sheet (Zina Deretsky, US National Science Foundation, 2007). Zina Deretsky / NSF · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Antarctica hides a civilization

Torn parchment map with compass roses, red lines, small ships, animals and Arabic inscriptions, showing the Atlantic Ocean between the Iberian and African coast on the right and the South American coast on the left. — The surviving part of the world map drawn by the Ottoman admiral Piri Reis in 1513, which Hapgood read as showing an ice-free Antarctic coast (a reading historians reject). Piri Reis · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Atlantis under the ice: Hapgood, Piri Reis and the lost civilization of the Ice Age

Engraving of the Earth seen from space with a large circular opening at its pole. — "Symmes's hole, as it would appear to a lunarian with a telescope": an 1882 magazine illustration of the hollow Earth idea, not an observation. Unknown authorUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Pyramids, hollow Earth and strange signals: cities under the ice

Cross-section diagram showing an ice sheet, a borehole from Vostok Station down to a lake above bedrock, and circular microscope images of bacteria and pollen. — Diagram of the Lake Vostok system: the ice core from Vostok Station, the layer of ice accreted from the lake, and the microbes and pollen found in it (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 2007). Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Under the ice: what scientists have actually found

Three-dimensional block of ice cut away to show a blue lake over rock, a drilling rig on top and a small map of Antarctica locating Lake Vostok. — An artist's cross-section of Lake Vostok, the largest known subglacial lake in Antarctica, beneath 2.2 miles of ice (Nicolle Rager-Fuller, US National Science Foundation). Nicolle Rager-Fuller / NSF · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Under the ice: what scientists have actually found

Snow-covered, jagged mountain peaks under a deep blue sky above a vast flat expanse of white ice. — Aerial view of the Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains, the range where a pyramid-shaped peak was claimed to be man-made (NASA Operation IceBridge, 2012). NASA/Michael Studinger · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The scientific verdict: no pole shift, no pyramid, no lost civilization

Black-and-white engraving of a world map in two heart-shaped lobes with ornate borders; the southern lobe shows a large circular southern land labelled Terra Australis around the pole. — Oronce Finé's 1531 world map, in double cordiform projection; its large southern land, Terra Australis, is the second map Hapgood claimed was drawn from ice-free Antarctic sources. Oronce Finé · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on An ice-free Antarctica: when, really?

Black-and-white photograph of a cargo ship named Schwabenland at sea, with a seaplane on its stern deck. — The catapult ship MS Schwabenland, which carried the German expedition to Antarctica in 1938-39 (photo published by Lufthansa, 1938). Unknown authorUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Antarctica hides a Nazi base

Black-and-white photograph of a rocky, snow-streaked Antarctic mountain above a snowfield, with a tall rock slab in the foreground. — The Dallmann Mountains in Queen Maud Land, part of the area surveyed by the 1938-39 expedition (photo taken in 1995). Diorit · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Base 211 and "New Berlin": the polar fortress

Black-and-white photograph of a submarine moored in calm water, with two men standing on its deck near the conning tower. — An Argentine Navy boarding party inspects the German U-boat U-530, July 1945. Unknown authorUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Escaped Nazi leaders and the two U-boats

Black-and-white photograph of a submarine moored at a quay, with men watching from the pier. — The German submarine U-977 moored at the Mar del Plata naval base, 1945. Daniel Mesa · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Escaped Nazi leaders and the two U-boats

Black-and-white photograph of a biplane seaplane on the water in front of a grey support ship on the horizon. — A U.S. Coast Guard Grumman J2F-6 Duck seaplane taxiing during Operation Highjump, c. 1947; a US Navy support ship is behind it. U.S. Navy · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Flying saucers, Highjump and the "Last Battalion"

Color map strip of Antarctica with a red rectangle labelled Neu-Schwabenland, Deutsch, along the coast. — Section of a 1941 German military atlas showing "Neu-Schwabenland" in red as a German territory (the red area is printed mirrored, according to the file page). OKH/Abt. Inland · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The real anchors: the 1938-39 expedition and Argentina in 1945

Black-and-white aerial photograph of rows of tents on a flat snow field, with a few structures in the distance. — Aerial view of the Little America IV camp built on the Ross Ice Shelf during Operation Highjump, c. 1947 (U.S. Navy). U.S. Navy · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The historians' and archives' version

Two photographed pages of a typed treaty: a cover with the words Conference on Antarctica in four languages, and a signature page with the names of states and handwritten signatures. — Cover and signature pages of an original copy of the Antarctic Treaty, signed in Washington in December 1959, held in the Australian archives (photo of 2011). Mbreen · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Antarctic Treaty conceals a worldwide ban

Satellite image of dark rocky ridges edged with snow, glacier ice in pale blue between them and wind-streaked dark water below. — Satellite view of Inexpressible Island and the Northern Foothills in Antarctica, 16 September 2009 (NASA Earth Observatory). Real terrain, shown for context: it illustrates no part of the thesis. NASA Earth Observatory image created by Jesse Allen and Robert Simmon, using EO-1 ALI data provided courtesy of the NASA EO-1 team and the United States Geological Survey. Caption by Michon Scott and Rebecca Lindsey, based on image interpretation by Ted Scambos, National Snow and Ice Data Center. · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on A seal on what lies under the ice

Map of Antarctica seen from above the pole, divided into coloured wedges for the claims of seven countries, with an unclaimed sector. — Map of the territorial claims to Antarctica frozen by Article IV of the Treaty (Lokal_Profil, 2008). Lokal_Profil · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on What the Treaty and its Protocol actually regulate

World map with countries coloured by their status in the Antarctic Treaty System. — World map of the parties to the Antarctic Treaty System, distinguishing consultative parties from the others (Canuckguy and Danlaycock, 2014). User:Canuckguy, User:Danlaycock · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on What the Treaty and its Protocol actually regulate

Round emblem showing a white outline map of Antarctica on a blue background. — Emblem of the Antarctic Treaty, a white map of the continent on a blue disc (redrawn by Alakasam, 2010). Alakasam · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Official version: rules for states, not a ban on people

A long, flat-topped white ice cliff runs along the horizon above a dark blue, choppy sea under a clear sky. — The front of the Ross Ice Shelf seen from the research vessel Nathaniel B. Palmer in the Ross Sea, February 1997 (NOAA). Discovered by James Clark Ross in 1841, this ice cliff is the real "wall" behind the theory: the edge of a floating ice shelf along one part of the Antarctic coast. Michael Van Woert, NOAA NESDIS, ORA · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Ice wall surrounds the world

Black-and-white engraving of a round disc: landmasses grouped around a centre marked N, a sea around them, and a white outer ring labelled "South ice"; dotted circles mark the Sun's path. — Figure from Samuel Rowbotham's Zetetic Astronomy (London, 1865, p. 78): the Earth drawn as a disc centred on the North Pole and ringed by "South ice". An illustration of the theory, not a map of the world. Samuel Rowbotham · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Flat Earth and dome (firmament)

Old printed map: the continents spread in a circle around the North Pole, framed by a red ring with hour numerals, with a pointer pinned at the centre and two small solstice diagrams at the bottom. — Gleason's New Standard Map of the World, published in Buffalo in 1892 (Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library). An azimuthal equidistant projection centred on the North Pole and subtitled "As it is", often cited by flat-Earthers. Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the BPL · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Flat Earth and dome (firmament)

Black-and-white woodcut: a kneeling traveller in a long robe pushes his head through a star-covered dome at the edge of a landscape and sees wheels, clouds and suns beyond it. — Wood engraving by an unknown artist, first published in Camille Flammarion's L'Atmosphère: météorologie populaire (Paris, 1888). It shows the sky as a solid hemisphere meeting the Earth at its edge, the kind of dome that some versions of the theory call the "firmament"; it is not a flat-Earth document. AnonymousUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Flat Earth and dome (firmament)

Black-and-white aerial photo: rows of dark pyramid-shaped tents on a flat snowfield, with stores and aircraft in the distance. — Aerial view of the tents of Little America IV, the base set up on the Ross Ice Shelf during Operation Highjump, around 1947 (US Navy, National Museum of Naval Aviation). U.S. Navy · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Secret military bases beyond the wall

Colour photo: a submarine with its conning tower makes its way through broken sea ice under a pale, hazy sky. — The US Navy submarine USS Sennet in Antarctic pack ice during Operation Highjump, 1947 (US Navy, National Museum of Naval Aviation). U.S. Navy · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Secret military bases beyond the wall

A long white ice cliff with a flat top stretches along the horizon above a calm, pale blue sea. — Ambiance image: an ice cliff above a calm sea. It illustrates the idea of the "wall"; it does not show any of the lands described by the theory, for which there is no evidence. Francesco Ungaro · Pexels license · Pexels

Shown on Multiple lands beyond the wall

Black-and-white photo: two men in fur clothing on flat snow beneath a Norwegian flag; one bends over a wooden box, the other holds an instrument up to his eye. — At the South Pole, 14–17 December 1911: Roald Amundsen takes the altitude of the Sun while Helmer Hanssen checks the artificial horizon (National Library of Norway). Unknown authorUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Antarctica: treaty, expeditions, overflights, tourism

An open typewritten document: a cover headed "Conference on Antarctica, Washington D.C." in four languages, and pages bearing the handwritten signatures of several countries' delegates. — One of the original copies of the Antarctic Treaty, signed in Washington on 1 December 1959 by twelve nations; a document from the Australian archives. Mbreen · CC BY-SA · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Antarctica: treaty, expeditions, overflights, tourism

A red-and-white striped post topped by a mirrored sphere stands in the snow, with national flags behind it and a long grey building on stilts under a deep blue sky. — The ceremonial South Pole in front of the elevated Amundsen–Scott station, 2007–2008 summer season, ringed by the flags of the twelve original signatories of the Antarctic Treaty (U.S. Antarctic Program, National Science Foundation). Bill Spindler, U.S. Antarctic Program, National Science Foundation · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Antarctica: treaty, expeditions, overflights, tourism

Satellite view of the whole of Antarctica: a white continent with a long peninsula curling towards the top left, on a black background. — The Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA), assembled from Landsat-7 images (USGS): the whole continent seen from space, not a ring around the world. USGS · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Official version

A low sun on the right lights up slabs of floating sea ice on dark water, with snowy mountains on the left under a cloudy sky. — The Sun low over Antarctic sea ice in December 2008. The photographer noted that this was as close as the Sun came to setting that day, in round-the-clock summer daylight. Jason Auch · CC BY · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Official version

Rows of domed tents on the snow in front of a dark, rocky mountain, under a bright sun surrounded by a halo. — Union Glacier Camp in West Antarctica, November 2013. In December 2024 the participants of "The Final Experiment" watched the midnight sun from this camp. Christopher Michel · CC BY · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Official version

Sepia photo of a man in a white naval uniform and peaked cap, with a handwritten dedication across the lower half. — Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd, official US Navy portrait dedicated to Harold Gilmour of the US Antarctic Service. Quotes and stories attributed to him circulate without a primary source. public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Unconfirmed testimonies and stories

Black-and-white photo: a low white ice cliff on the water runs up to dark rock cliffs, below a snow-streaked mountain. — "Cape Crozier: the End of the Great Ice Barrier", photograph by Herbert Ponting on Scott's Terra Nova expedition, 1911, published in Scott's Last Expedition (1913). The ice shelf ends here against the rock cliffs of the cape. Herbert Ponting · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The "Great Ice Barrier" (Ross Ice Shelf)

Satellite image: a vast, smooth white plain, edged at the top by an irregular front with floating sea ice and a long iceberg, and by mountain ranges at the bottom left. — The Ross Ice Shelf seen by NASA's MODIS satellite instrument: the shelf front meets the sea ice at the top, and the Queen Alexandra Range lies at the bottom left. Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team, NASA/GSFC · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on The "Great Ice Barrier" (Ross Ice Shelf)

Painting: two sailing ships in a rough sea among icebergs, beneath tall icy mountains lit by a shaft of light. — HMS Erebus and Terror in the Antarctic, oil painting by J. W. Carmichael, 1847 (National Maritime Museum, Greenwich): the two ships of James Clark Ross's expedition, which discovered the Great Ice Barrier in January 1841. James Wilson Carmichael · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Ice wall timeline

An old engraved world map with a large landmass drawn around the south pole. — World map by Abraham Ortelius, about 1570, showing the hypothetical southern continent Terra Australis around the pole. Original uploader was Fuelbottle at en.wikipedia · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Other continents allegedly exist beyond the ice wall

A large iceberg with steep icy cliffs floating on a calm sea. — Iceberg in Antarctic waters. Mood image, not a document of the story. ArcticDesire.com Polarreisen · Pexels license · Pexels

Shown on Terra Infinita: lands beyond the wall, from fiction to TikTok

An engraving of tall icebergs in a polar sea with a sailing ship in the distance. — "The Ice Islands, seen the 9th of January 1773", drawn from nature by William Hodges during Cook's second voyage and engraved by B. T. Pouncy. Cook, James, 1728-1779 Hodges, William, 1744-1797 Pouncy, B.T. · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Terra Australis Incognita: the southern continent that was never found

A large iceberg floating in the ocean, seen through a ship's porthole. — An iceberg seen from a ship's porthole. Mood image. Lars Bugge Aarset · Pexels license · Pexels

Shown on Around and across the south: circumnavigations, flights and measurements

A colour map of Antarctica showing the rock bed under the ice, with blue areas below sea level. — Subglacial topography and bathymetry of Antarctica built from BEDMAP data, with the ice removed (Paul V. Heinrich, 2008). Paul V. heinrich · CC BY · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Official view: mapping Antarctica above and below the ice

A fossil theropod skull with a crest above the eyes, displayed in a museum. — Skull of the holotype of Cryolophosaurus ellioti, an Early Jurassic dinosaur from Antarctica, at the Field Museum in Chicago (2010). James St. John · CC BY · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on What is really hidden: worlds under the ice, not beyond it

Black-and-white photograph of the aircraft carrier USS Philippine Sea at sea with transport aircraft aboard. — The aircraft carrier USS Philippine Sea carrying Douglas R4D transport aircraft to Antarctica during Operation Highjump (U.S. Navy photo, 8 January 1947). U.S. Navy photo 80-G-K-7623 · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Operation Highjump allegedly fought flying saucers in Antarctica

Engraving of the Earth seen from space with a large circular opening at its pole. — "Symmes's hole, as it would appear to a lunarian with a telescope": an 1882 magazine illustration of the hollow Earth theory, not an observation. Unknown authorUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Saucers from the inner Earth

Photograph of the German seaplane catapult ship MS Schwabenland. — The catapult ship MS Schwabenland, which carried the German expedition to Antarctica in 1938-1939 (photo published by Lufthansa, 1938). Unknown authorUnknown author · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Nazi saucers against Highjump

Degraded black-and-white aerial photograph of a small camp on the ice with three ships moored along the ice edge. — Aerial view of the Little America IV camp and ships moored at the ice edge, Bay of Whales, 1946-1947. US Navy · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Operation Highjump: what the archives record

Photograph of a large flying boat covered in snow, parked next to a ship in polar waters. — A snow-covered Martin PBM-5 Mariner flying boat beside a seaplane tender during Operation Highjump, circa 1947. U.S. Navy · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Operation Highjump: what the archives record

Photograph of Rear Admiral Byrd, in the centre of a group of men, explaining a plan. — Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd, centre, explaining a plan to fellow Operation Highjump members at the Little America IV camp, 1946-1947. Photograph by: US Navy, National Science Foundation · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Byrd's "secret diary"

Old engraving of the constellation Draco drawn as a winged serpent coiled among stars. — The constellation Draco in Johannes Hevelius's Uranographia (1690). Icke places the origin of his reptilian race in Draco; the engraving illustrates the name, not the theory's claims. Johannes Hevelius · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Reptilians (accounts)

A brown lizard nibbling at a green plant in sunlight. — Ambiance photo: a lizard in a garden. It illustrates the animal, not any account. Francesco Ungaro · Pexels license · Pexels

Shown on Abduction, sighting and legend accounts

Second title illustration by Hugh Rankin for Robert E. Howard's "The Shadow Kingdom", Weird Tales, August 1929, the story whose serpent men are cited as an origin of the reptilian motif. Hugh Doak Rankin · public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Literary and folkloric origins

Weathered sandstone sculpture of a many-headed serpent held up by a stone figure, among trees. — A seven-headed nāga carved in stone at the south gate of Angkor Thom, Cambodia. The Nāgas are half-human, half-serpent beings of Asian religious traditions. BrightRaven · CC BY · Wikimedia Commons

Shown on Literary and folkloric origins